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*HINT:
NAME=FUNCTION
1) PERSONAL: |
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SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
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I, me |
we, us |
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you |
you |
2) POSSESSIVE: |
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my, mine |
our, ours |
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your, yours |
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his, hers, its |
theirs |
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3) DEMONSTRATIVE
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as PERSONAL pronouns replace people’s names and
POSSESSIVE pronouns show ownership,
DEMONSTRATIVE pronouns demonstrate, point to,
point out
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this, that, these, those
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not “them”
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so, with all deference to Guido and Pink Floyd,
the following are incorrect:
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Correct:
These test results belong to those students.
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SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
NEAR |
this |
these |
FAR |
that |
those |
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4) INDEFINITE
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replace an indefinite,
unnamed, undetermined set of nouns
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(do not know names, sexes,
or numbers)
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Everyone was glad there
was no quiz on the homework.
all |
any |
anybody |
anyone |
both |
each |
either |
everyone |
everybody |
everything |
few |
many |
more |
much |
neither |
nobody |
none |
no one |
one |
several |
some |
somebody |
someone |
such |
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5) RELATIVE
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show relationship to noun
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who, whom, whose, which, that
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not subject of the sentence
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clause = fragment
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Dracula’s castle, which was perched on the
edge of a steep cliff, provided Jonathan
Harker a stunning view of the Carpathian
Mountains.
(“relative clause”)
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6) REFLEXIVE
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refer back to the noun,
intensify the nouns referred to
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*use only sparingly:
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used to show emphasis
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used as an object in
rare cases
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not used when
objective form is required
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not used as a subject
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used if the SUBJECT
and OBJECT are one and the same
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self = singular, selves =
plural
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myself, yourself,
himself/herself, itself
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ourselves, yourselves,
themselves
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The students behaved
themselves on the class trip to the art museum.
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7) INTERROGATIVE
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8) RECIPROCAL
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refer to individual parts
of the plural term
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Although they did not know
each other, Suzi and Ashley had to work together
on the group assignment.
SUBJECT FORM |
OBJECT FORM |
POSSESSIVE FORM |
I |
me |
my, mine |
we |
us |
our, ours |
you |
you |
your, yours |
he/she/it |
him/her/it |
his/her or hers/its |
they |
them |
their, theirs |
who |
whom |
whose |
perform the action |
receive the action |
show ownership |
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Get your Nerd on for this one!
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sometimes pronouns follow
LINKING VERBS:
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is, am, are, was, were (forms of "to be")
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seem, appear, become, feel, grow, look,
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smell, sound, taste, stay, remain
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in that case, it is functioning as the
PREDICATE NOMINATIVE
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& must thus take the
SUBJECT FORM
(the
nominative case):
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When you answer the phone:
It is
I. (not
It is me.)
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The Outstanding Student Award recipient
is
she. (not
is her)
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It was
they who joined the honor society.
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The gold medalist for the marathon on the men's
side was
he.
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The best writers in class
are
she and I.
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It doesn't "sound
right" (because
we don't speak grammatically correct),
but it is correct.
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