PROCESS-ANALYSIS:

• Process analysis is the method of development used to explain how something works or how a task is performed. The process is described step-by-step, and concludes by relating the end result of the process.
   
• Two main types of processes exist:
   

  (1) INFORMATIONAL PROCESS

  • step-by-step explanation of how something works.
  • Unlike the Directional Process, the Information Process does not describe the steps in performing a task.
    • Rather, the informational process allows the reader to understand a process occurring independently of the reader.
  • Examples can range
    • from the scientific, such as "how rain is produced" or "how blood circulates,"
    • to the non-scientific, such as "how a CD player works" or "how paper money is made."

(2) DIRECTIONAL PROCESS

• step-by-step explanation of how to perform a task.
• Directional Process topics can range
  • from 'how to make lasagna,'
  • to 'how to overcome shyness,'
  • or 'how to clean you bathroom in ten minutes."
• The writer needs to state clearly the purpose for explaining such a process in a thesis that should indicate why the process is important, why it occurs or occurred, and why it should be completed.
• At the start of the process, the writer needs to inform the reader of any materials or equipment needed.
  • Likewise, the writer is responsible for providing any warnings or hazards.
• One important reminder when writing a Directional Process essay is to use transitions between the steps.
  • Likewise, use transitions with the steps to indicate any ones that need to be done simultaneously.
  • Remember that you must avoid the 'recipe' mode, not just listing but presenting the steps in essay form.
• Be as specific as possible when indicating measurements, sizes, amounts, and the like.
• When giving directions, use the command mode.
  • For example do not say, 'You need to gather all of the materials first."
  • Rather say, "Gather all of the necessary materials."
     

• Whether you write an informational or a directional process paper, the general format is the same. In the introduction, give an overview of the process, describe any items needed to complete the process and indicate where the process begins. In each subsequent paragraph, describe a step in the process with the topic sentence of the paragraph summarizing that step. The supporting details in the paragraph describe exactly what to do or what happens at that step in the process. Finally, in the conclusion indicate where the process ends.
   
• A process paragraph/essay is not simply a set of directions, so transitions are quite necessary.

 

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